7 Practical Strategies for Handling Difficult or Confusing Passages with Confidence

If you’ve ever come across a passage in the Bible that left you scratching your head, you’re not alone. Many people encounter verses that seem contradictory, confusing, or difficult to apply. Whether it’s puzzling prophecies, ancient laws, or stories with cultural nuances that you just don't know, these challenging texts can sometimes feel overwhelming. But here’s the good news: you can approach difficult passages with confidence, knowing that God’s Word is designed to be understood by those who seek Him (2 Timothy 3:16).

This post will provide seven practical strategies for understanding hard passages and offer reassurance that the Bible, though deep and complex, is ultimately a revelation of truth, meant to transform our lives.

Why Some Passages Are Difficult or Confusing

Understanding the reasons why certain passages are challenging can help you tackle them more effectively. Here are some common reasons:

1. Cultural and Historical Distance: The Bible was written thousands of years ago in a different cultural and historical settings. Customs, laws, and idioms may be foreign to modern readers.

2. Language and Translation Issues: The Bible was originally written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. Some nuanced meanings can be difficult to capture fully in translation, leading to potential confusion.

3. Complex Theological Concepts: Topics like the Trinity, God’s sovereignty, and end-times prophecies require careful study to grasp.

4. Literary Style and Genre: As discussed in the previous post on biblical genres, interpreting poetry, prophecy, or apocalyptic literature requires a different approach than reading narrative or law.

   
   

1. Start with Context: Immediate and Broader Context Matter

Context is king when it comes to biblical interpretation. Understanding the verses around a difficult passage can often clarify its meaning.

• Immediate Context: Read the surrounding verses, chapter, or even the entire book to grasp the flow of thought. For example, Philippians 4:13 ("I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me") is often misinterpreted as a promise of unlimited success. However, the immediate context reveals that Paul is speaking about contentment in all circumstances.

• Broader Context: Consider how the passage fits within the overall message of the book of the Bible you are reading and the Bible as a whole. Scripture interprets Scripture, so comparing related passages can often clear up confusion. For instance, if a verse about salvation seems to emphasize works, compare it to passages that highlight salvation by grace through faith (Ephesians 2:8-9).

Tip: Study Bibles and commentaries can provide helpful background information on historical context, key terms, and cultural references.

2. Identify the Genre of the Passage

As we explored earlier, biblical genres influence how we interpret a passage. If you approach poetic or symbolic texts literally, you may misinterpret their meaning.

Examples:

• Prophecy: The book of Revelation uses apocalyptic language and symbols. Trying to interpret everything literally can lead to confusion. For example, the "beast" in Revelation 13:1 is symbolic and should be understood in light of other prophetic texts.

• Poetry: When Psalm 18:2 says, "The Lord is my rock and my fortress," it doesn’t mean God is literally a rock. The imagery emphasizes God’s protection and stability.

Action Step: When you encounter a difficult passage, determine its genre and adjust your interpretation accordingly.

3. Compare Multiple Translations

Sometimes, difficult passages become clearer when you read them in different Bible translations. Translators may use slightly different wording that can help illuminate the meaning.

Example: Compare how different versions translate Proverbs 16:3:

• NIV: "Commit to the Lord whatever you do, and he will establish your plans."

• ESV: "Commit your work to the Lord, and your plans will be established."

While the core message is similar, the nuances of the wording can provide additional clarity.

Recommended Translations: Use a mix of word-for-word translations (like ESV, CSB or NASB) and thought-for-thought translations (like NIV or NLT) to get a well-rounded understanding. Bible Hub is an excellent tool for reading multiple translations of a verse at the same time.

4. Recognize and Resolve Apparent Contradictions

Some passages may seem contradictory at first, but careful study often reveals harmony.

Example:

• James 2:24 says, "You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone," while Paul emphasizes in Romans 3:28 that "a person is justified by faith apart from works of the law."

Resolution: These verses address different aspects of justification. Paul is speaking about the means of salvation (faith alone), while James is addressing the evidence of genuine faith (works as a natural result of faith). Paul is looking at the root of the tree while James is looking at the fruit.

Tip: When you encounter a contradiction, consider:

• The immediate and broader context.

• The author’s audience and purpose.

• How other passages address the same topic.

5. Use Reliable Study Tools

You don’t have to navigate difficult passages on your own. There are numerous reliable tools and resources available to help.

Recommended Tools:

• Study Bibles: Provide notes, explanations, and historical background. Examples include the ESV Study Bible and NIV Life Application Study Bible.

• Commentaries: Offer in-depth analysis from biblical scholars. Consider starting with accessible options like Warren Wiersbe’s "Be" series or Matthew Henry’s commentary.

• Bible Dictionaries: Define key terms and cultural practices.

• Concordances: Help you find related passages and study key words.

Tip: Be discerning about the resources you use. Stick to reputable scholars and trusted evangelical sources to ensure accurate interpretation.

6. Pray for Understanding

Understanding God’s Word isn’t just an intellectual exercise—it’s a spiritual journey. The Holy Spirit plays a vital role in guiding believers into truth (John 16:13).

Action Step: When you encounter a difficult passage, pray for wisdom and insight. Ask God to open your mind and heart to His Word.

Example Prayer: *"Lord, Your Word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path. Help me understand this passage, and show me how it reveals Your truth and applies to my life. Amen."

7. Embrace the Tension of Mystery

Some passages may remain challenging even after thorough study. This doesn’t mean the Bible is flawed; it reflects the infinite nature of God. As finite beings, we won’t fully understand everything this side of heaven (Deuteronomy 29:29).

Example: The doctrine of the Trinity is difficult to comprehend fully, but Scripture consistently presents God as one being in three persons (Matthew 28:19, 2 Corinthians 13:14). Rather than seeing this as a contradiction, embrace it as part of the mystery of God.

Tip: Be comfortable with not having all the answers. Continue seeking, studying, and trusting that God reveals what we need to know in His perfect time.

Practical Example: Interpreting Difficult Old Testament Laws

One area that often confuses modern readers is the Old Testament law. For example, Leviticus 19:19 prohibits wearing clothes made of two kinds of fabric. Does this law apply to Christians today?

Step 1: Identify the context and genre. This verse is part of the Mosaic law given to ancient Israel.

Step 2: Distinguish between ceremonial, civil, and moral laws. The prohibition against mixing fabrics was part of the ceremonial laws, which were fulfilled in Christ (Hebrews 10:1).

Step 3: Consider broader biblical teaching. While the ceremonial aspect no longer applies, the principle of being set apart for God still holds true (1 Peter 1:15-16).

Although the specific rule doesn’t apply, its underlying principle of holiness remains relevant.

Call to Action: Put These Strategies into Practice

This week, choose a passage you find difficult and apply the strategies from this post:

• Read the immediate and broader context.

• Compare multiple translations.

• Use a study Bible or commentary.

• Pray for understanding.

As you practice these steps, you’ll grow in confidence, knowing that God’s Word is a treasure meant to be explored and enjoyed. Difficult passages aren’t barriers—they’re opportunities to deepen your faith and encounter the richness of God’s truth.

Handling difficult or confusing passages doesn’t require a theology degree—it requires a humble heart, a curious mind, and a willingness to dig deep. As you apply these strategies, remember that Scripture was given to reveal God’s character and His plan for salvation. Trust that even in the challenging parts, God is speaking, inviting you to know Him better.